diff --git a/internal/watchdog/check_subnet.go b/internal/watchdog/check_subnet.go
index 4638791..fafb2ff 100644
--- a/internal/watchdog/check_subnet.go
+++ b/internal/watchdog/check_subnet.go
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ const (
 func subnetIfaceNames(subnetName string) (hostVeth, nsVeth, bridge string, err error) {
 	parts := strings.SplitN(subnetName, "-", 2)
 	if len(parts) < 2 || parts[1] == "" {
-		return "", "", "", fmt.Errorf("nom de subnet %q sans identifiant après le tiret, interfaces indéductibles", subnetName)
+		return "", "", "", fmt.Errorf("subnet name %q has no identifier after the dash, interface names cannot be derived", subnetName)
 	}
 	id := parts[1]
 	return "v-" + id + "-e", "v-" + id + "-i", "br-" + id, nil
@@ -37,13 +37,13 @@ func dnsmasqName(vpc, bridge string) string {
 func CheckSubnets(db *badger.DB, u unitChecker, n notify.Notifier) error {
 	pairs, err := kv.ListByPrefix(db, prefixSubnet)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("watchdog: lecture des subnets: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("watchdog: listing subnets: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	for _, name := range resourceNames(pairs, prefixSubnet) {
 		st, err := state.Get(db, prefixSubnet+name)
 		if err != nil {
-			n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("état illisible en base: %v", err))
+			n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("state unreadable in database: %v", err))
 			continue
 		}
 		if st != state.Running {
@@ -63,13 +63,13 @@ func checkSubnet(db *badger.DB, name string, u unitChecker, n notify.Notifier) {
 
 	vpc, err := kv.GetFromDB(db, prefixSubnet+name+"/vpc")
 	if err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("vpc illisible en base: %v", err))
+		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("vpc unreadable in database: %v", err))
 		return
 	}
 
 	mode, err := kv.GetFromDB(db, prefixSubnet+name+"/mode")
 	if err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("mode illisible en base: %v", err))
+		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("mode unreadable in database: %v", err))
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ func checkSubnet(db *badger.DB, name string, u unitChecker, n notify.Notifier) {
 		checkVxlanIface(db, name, n)
 	case modeBridge:
 	default:
-		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("mode inconnu %q", mode))
+		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("unknown mode %q", mode))
 	}
 
 	checkSubnetNetns(name, vpc, nsVeth, bridge, n)
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ func checkSubnet(db *badger.DB, name string, u unitChecker, n notify.Notifier) {
 	dnsName := dnsmasqName(vpc, bridge)
 	conf := filepath.Join(dhcp.DefaultConfDir, dnsName+".conf")
 	if _, err := os.Stat(conf); err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("config dnsmasq absente (%s): %v", conf, err))
+		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("dnsmasq config missing (%s): %v", conf, err))
 	}
 
 	checkUnit(kindSubnet, name, "dnsmasq@"+dnsName+".service", u, n)
@@ -102,12 +102,12 @@ func checkSubnet(db *badger.DB, name string, u unitChecker, n notify.Notifier) {
 func checkVxlanIface(db *badger.DB, name string, n notify.Notifier) {
 	raw, err := kv.GetFromDB(db, prefixSubnet+name+"/vxlan_id")
 	if err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("vxlan_id illisible en base: %v", err))
+		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("vxlan_id unreadable in database: %v", err))
 		return
 	}
 	id, err := strconv.Atoi(raw)
 	if err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("vxlan_id invalide %q: %v", raw, err))
+		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("invalid vxlan_id %q: %v", raw, err))
 		return
 	}
 	if p := linkProblem(fmt.Sprintf("vxlan-%d", id)); p != "" {
@@ -117,18 +117,18 @@ func checkVxlanIface(db *badger.DB, name string, n notify.Notifier) {
 
 func checkSubnetNetns(name, vpc, nsVeth, bridge string, n notify.Notifier) {
 	if !netns.Exist(vpc) {
-		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, "netns "+vpc+" absent (/var/run/netns/"+vpc+")")
+		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, "netns "+vpc+" missing (/var/run/netns/"+vpc+")")
 		return
 	}
 
 	if err := netns.Call(vpc, func() error {
 		for _, iface := range []string{nsVeth, bridge} {
 			if p := linkProblem(iface); p != "" {
-				n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, p+" (dans le netns "+vpc+")")
+				n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, p+" (in netns "+vpc+")")
 			}
 		}
 		return nil
 	}); err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("entrée dans le netns %s impossible: %v", vpc, err))
+		n.Notify(kindSubnet, name, fmt.Sprintf("cannot enter netns %s: %v", vpc, err))
 	}
 }
diff --git a/internal/watchdog/check_subnet_test.go b/internal/watchdog/check_subnet_test.go
index dbcd19b..6928e6f 100644
--- a/internal/watchdog/check_subnet_test.go
+++ b/internal/watchdog/check_subnet_test.go
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ func TestCheckSubnets_VPCManquantEnBase(t *testing.T) {
 	if len(got) != 1 {
 		t.Fatalf("attendu 1 notification, obtenu %d : %v", len(got), got)
 	}
-	if !strings.Contains(got[0].problem, "vpc illisible") {
+	if !strings.Contains(got[0].problem, "vpc unreadable") {
 		t.Errorf("problem = %q, devrait porter sur le vpc", got[0].problem)
 	}
 }
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ func TestCheckSubnets_ModeManquantEnBase(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("erreur inattendue: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if !r.hasProblemContaining("mode illisible") {
+	if !r.hasProblemContaining("mode unreadable") {
 		t.Errorf("devrait signaler un mode illisible, obtenu %v", r.calls)
 	}
 }
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ func TestCheckSubnets_ModeInconnu(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("erreur inattendue: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if !r.hasProblemContaining(`mode inconnu "macvlan"`) {
+	if !r.hasProblemContaining(`unknown mode "macvlan"`) {
 		t.Errorf("devrait signaler un mode inconnu, obtenu %v", r.calls)
 	}
 }
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func TestCheckSubnets_ModeVxlanSansVxlanID(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("erreur inattendue: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if !r.hasProblemContaining("vxlan_id illisible") {
+	if !r.hasProblemContaining("vxlan_id unreadable") {
 		t.Errorf("devrait signaler un vxlan_id illisible, obtenu %v", r.calls)
 	}
 }
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ func TestCheckSubnets_ModeVxlanVxlanIDInvalide(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("erreur inattendue: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if !r.hasProblemContaining("vxlan_id invalide") {
+	if !r.hasProblemContaining("invalid vxlan_id") {
 		t.Errorf("devrait signaler un vxlan_id invalide, obtenu %v", r.calls)
 	}
 }
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ func TestCheckSubnets_ConfigDnsmasqAbsente(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("erreur inattendue: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if !r.hasProblemContaining("config dnsmasq absente") {
+	if !r.hasProblemContaining("dnsmasq config missing") {
 		t.Errorf("devrait signaler la config dnsmasq absente, obtenu %v", r.calls)
 	}
 	if !r.hasProblemContaining("vp-admin_br-000042.conf") {
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ func TestCheckSubnets_UnitIllisible(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("erreur inattendue: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if !r.hasProblemContaining("unit dnsmasq@vp-admin_br-000042.service illisible") {
+	if !r.hasProblemContaining("unit dnsmasq@vp-admin_br-000042.service unreadable") {
 		t.Errorf("devrait signaler l'unit illisible, obtenu %v", r.calls)
 	}
 }
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ func TestCheckSubnets_EtatCorrompuNInterrompPasLaBoucle(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("un état corrompu ne doit pas faire échouer CheckSubnets: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if !strings.Contains(strings.Join(problems(r.forName("br-corrompu")), " "), "état illisible") {
+	if !strings.Contains(strings.Join(problems(r.forName("br-corrompu")), " "), "state unreadable") {
 		t.Errorf("devrait signaler l'état corrompu, obtenu %v", r.calls)
 	}
 	if len(r.forName("br-000042")) == 0 {
diff --git a/internal/watchdog/check_vm.go b/internal/watchdog/check_vm.go
index 8660eb1..3c850a3 100644
--- a/internal/watchdog/check_vm.go
+++ b/internal/watchdog/check_vm.go
@@ -23,18 +23,18 @@ func tapName(tapID int) string {
 
 func CheckVMs(db *badger.DB, cfg *configuration.Config, u unitChecker, n notify.Notifier) error {
 	if cfg == nil {
-		return errors.New("watchdog: configuration requise pour vérifier les VMs")
+		return errors.New("watchdog: configuration required to check vms")
 	}
 
 	pairs, err := kv.ListByPrefix(db, prefixVM)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("watchdog: lecture des vm: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("watchdog: listing vms: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	for _, name := range resourceNames(pairs, prefixVM) {
 		st, err := state.Get(db, prefixVM+name)
 		if err != nil {
-			n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("état illisible en base: %v", err))
+			n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("state unreadable in database: %v", err))
 			continue
 		}
 		if st != state.Running {
@@ -48,13 +48,13 @@ func CheckVMs(db *badger.DB, cfg *configuration.Config, u unitChecker, n notify.
 func checkVM(db *badger.DB, cfg *configuration.Config, name string, u unitChecker, n notify.Notifier) {
 	subnetName, err := kv.GetFromDB(db, prefixVM+name+"/subnet")
 	if err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("subnet illisible en base: %v", err))
+		n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("subnet unreadable in database: %v", err))
 		return
 	}
 
 	vpc, err := kv.GetFromDB(db, prefixSubnet+subnetName+"/vpc")
 	if err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("vpc du subnet %s illisible en base: %v", subnetName, err))
+		n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("vpc of subnet %s unreadable in database: %v", subnetName, err))
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -67,33 +67,33 @@ func checkVM(db *badger.DB, cfg *configuration.Config, name string, u unitChecke
 func checkVMTap(db *badger.DB, name, vpc string, n notify.Notifier) {
 	raw, err := kv.GetFromDB(db, prefixVM+name+"/tap_id")
 	if err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("tap_id illisible en base: %v", err))
+		n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("tap_id unreadable in database: %v", err))
 		return
 	}
 	tapID, err := strconv.Atoi(raw)
 	if err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("tap_id invalide %q: %v", raw, err))
+		n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("invalid tap_id %q: %v", raw, err))
 		return
 	}
 
 	if !netns.Exist(vpc) {
-		n.Notify(kindVM, name, "netns "+vpc+" absent (/var/run/netns/"+vpc+")")
+		n.Notify(kindVM, name, "netns "+vpc+" missing (/var/run/netns/"+vpc+")")
 		return
 	}
 
 	if err := netns.Call(vpc, func() error {
 		if p := linkProblem(tapName(tapID)); p != "" {
-			n.Notify(kindVM, name, p+" (dans le netns "+vpc+")")
+			n.Notify(kindVM, name, p+" (in netns "+vpc+")")
 		}
 		return nil
 	}); err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("entrée dans le netns %s impossible: %v", vpc, err))
+		n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("cannot enter netns %s: %v", vpc, err))
 	}
 }
 
 func checkVMQemu(cfg *configuration.Config, name string, n notify.Notifier) {
 	sock := filepath.Join(cfg.QEMU.QMPDir, name+".sock")
 	if _, err := qmp.Send(sock, nil); err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("qemu ne répond pas sur %s: %v", sock, err))
+		n.Notify(kindVM, name, fmt.Sprintf("qemu not responding on %s: %v", sock, err))
 	}
 }
diff --git a/internal/watchdog/check_vm_test.go b/internal/watchdog/check_vm_test.go
index 8bf24a4..eb62b59 100644
--- a/internal/watchdog/check_vm_test.go
+++ b/internal/watchdog/check_vm_test.go
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ func TestCheckVMs_SubnetManquantEnBase(t *testing.T) {
 	if len(got) != 1 {
 		t.Fatalf("attendu 1 notification, obtenu %d : %v", len(got), got)
 	}
-	if !strings.Contains(got[0].problem, "subnet illisible") {
+	if !strings.Contains(got[0].problem, "subnet unreadable") {
 		t.Errorf("problem = %q, devrait porter sur le subnet", got[0].problem)
 	}
 }
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ func TestCheckVMs_VPCDuSubnetManquant(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("erreur inattendue: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if !r.hasProblemContaining("vpc du subnet br-000042 illisible") {
+	if !r.hasProblemContaining("vpc of subnet br-000042 unreadable") {
 		t.Errorf("devrait signaler le vpc introuvable, obtenu %v", r.calls)
 	}
 }
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ func TestCheckVMs_TapIDManquant(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("erreur inattendue: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if !r.hasProblemContaining("tap_id illisible") {
+	if !r.hasProblemContaining("tap_id unreadable") {
 		t.Errorf("devrait signaler un tap_id illisible, obtenu %v", r.calls)
 	}
 }
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ func TestCheckVMs_TapIDInvalide(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("erreur inattendue: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if !r.hasProblemContaining("tap_id invalide") {
+	if !r.hasProblemContaining("invalid tap_id") {
 		t.Errorf("devrait signaler un tap_id invalide, obtenu %v", r.calls)
 	}
 }
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ func TestCheckVMs_QemuNeRepondPas(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("erreur inattendue: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if !r.hasProblemContaining("qemu ne répond pas") {
+	if !r.hasProblemContaining("qemu not responding") {
 		t.Errorf("devrait signaler que qemu ne répond pas, obtenu %v", r.calls)
 	}
 	if !r.hasProblemContaining("i-test1.sock") {
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ func TestCheckVMs_EtatCorrompuNInterrompPasLaBoucle(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("un état corrompu ne doit pas faire échouer CheckVMs: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if !strings.Contains(strings.Join(problems(r.forName("i-corrompu")), " "), "état illisible") {
+	if !strings.Contains(strings.Join(problems(r.forName("i-corrompu")), " "), "state unreadable") {
 		t.Errorf("devrait signaler l'état corrompu, obtenu %v", r.calls)
 	}
 	if len(r.forName("i-test1")) == 0 {
diff --git a/internal/watchdog/check_vpc.go b/internal/watchdog/check_vpc.go
index 5cf252d..c344561 100644
--- a/internal/watchdog/check_vpc.go
+++ b/internal/watchdog/check_vpc.go
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ const vpcBridge = "br-public"
 func vpcIfaceNames(vpcName string) (host, ns string, err error) {
 	parts := strings.SplitN(vpcName, "-", 2)
 	if len(parts) < 2 || parts[1] == "" {
-		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("nom de VPC %q sans identifiant après le tiret, interfaces indéductibles", vpcName)
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("vpc name %q has no identifier after the dash, interface names cannot be derived", vpcName)
 	}
 	return "vp-" + parts[1] + "-e", "vp-" + parts[1] + "-i", nil
 }
@@ -25,13 +25,13 @@ func vpcIfaceNames(vpcName string) (host, ns string, err error) {
 func CheckVPCs(db *badger.DB, n notify.Notifier) error {
 	pairs, err := kv.ListByPrefix(db, prefixVPC)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("watchdog: lecture des vpc: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("watchdog: listing vpcs: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	for _, name := range resourceNames(pairs, prefixVPC) {
 		st, err := state.Get(db, prefixVPC+name)
 		if err != nil {
-			n.Notify(kindVPC, name, fmt.Sprintf("état illisible en base: %v", err))
+			n.Notify(kindVPC, name, fmt.Sprintf("state unreadable in database: %v", err))
 			continue
 		}
 		if st != state.Running {
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func checkVPC(name string, n notify.Notifier) {
 	}
 
 	if !netns.Exist(name) {
-		n.Notify(kindVPC, name, "netns absent (/var/run/netns/"+name+")")
+		n.Notify(kindVPC, name, "netns missing (/var/run/netns/"+name+")")
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -61,11 +61,11 @@ func checkVPC(name string, n notify.Notifier) {
 	if err := netns.Call(name, func() error {
 		for _, iface := range []string{nsVeth, vpcBridge} {
 			if p := linkProblem(iface); p != "" {
-				n.Notify(kindVPC, name, p+" (dans le netns)")
+				n.Notify(kindVPC, name, p+" (in netns)")
 			}
 		}
 		return nil
 	}); err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kindVPC, name, fmt.Sprintf("entrée dans le netns impossible: %v", err))
+		n.Notify(kindVPC, name, fmt.Sprintf("cannot enter netns: %v", err))
 	}
 }
diff --git a/internal/watchdog/check_vpc_test.go b/internal/watchdog/check_vpc_test.go
index 1b37248..3ae8a07 100644
--- a/internal/watchdog/check_vpc_test.go
+++ b/internal/watchdog/check_vpc_test.go
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ func TestCheckVPCs_EtatCorrompu(t *testing.T) {
 	if len(got) != 1 {
 		t.Fatalf("attendu 1 notification pour l'état corrompu, obtenu %d", len(got))
 	}
-	if !strings.Contains(got[0].problem, "état illisible") {
+	if !strings.Contains(got[0].problem, "state unreadable") {
 		t.Errorf("problem = %q, devrait mentionner un état illisible", got[0].problem)
 	}
 	if len(r.forName("vp-suivant")) == 0 {
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ func TestCheckVPCs_NomIndeductibleNePaniquePas(t *testing.T) {
 	if len(got) != 1 {
 		t.Fatalf("attendu 1 notification, obtenu %d : %v", len(got), got)
 	}
-	if !strings.Contains(got[0].problem, "indéductibles") {
+	if !strings.Contains(got[0].problem, "cannot be derived") {
 		t.Errorf("problem = %q, devrait porter sur les interfaces indéductibles", got[0].problem)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/internal/watchdog/notify/stderr.go b/internal/watchdog/notify/stderr.go
index 5436b2c..cac8174 100644
--- a/internal/watchdog/notify/stderr.go
+++ b/internal/watchdog/notify/stderr.go
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ func NewStderr(l *slog.Logger) *StderrNotifier {
 }
 
 func (n *StderrNotifier) Notify(kind, name, problem string) {
-	n.logger.Error("watchdog: incohérence détectée",
+	n.logger.Error("watchdog: inconsistency detected",
 		"kind", kind,
 		"name", name,
 		"problem", problem,
diff --git a/internal/watchdog/resources.go b/internal/watchdog/resources.go
index d5e3fd4..37219a5 100644
--- a/internal/watchdog/resources.go
+++ b/internal/watchdog/resources.go
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ func checkUnit(kind, name, unit string, u unitChecker, n notify.Notifier) {
 	}
 	st, err := u.Status(unit)
 	if err != nil {
-		n.Notify(kind, name, fmt.Sprintf("unit %s illisible: %v", unit, err))
+		n.Notify(kind, name, fmt.Sprintf("unit %s unreadable: %v", unit, err))
 		return
 	}
 	if st.ActiveState != "active" {
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ func linkProblem(iface string) string {
 	up, err := netif.LinkIsUp(iface)
 	switch {
 	case err != nil:
-		return fmt.Sprintf("interface %s introuvable: %v", iface, err)
+		return fmt.Sprintf("interface %s not found: %v", iface, err)
 	case !up:
 		return fmt.Sprintf("interface %s down", iface)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/watchdog/watchdog.go b/internal/watchdog/watchdog.go
index 0dbb85b..3ab1d52 100644
--- a/internal/watchdog/watchdog.go
+++ b/internal/watchdog/watchdog.go
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ func New(db *badger.DB, cfg *configuration.Config, n notify.Notifier, logger *sl
 		logger = slog.Default()
 	}
 	if interval <= 0 {
-		logger.Warn("watchdog: intervalle invalide, valeur par défaut appliquée",
+		logger.Warn("watchdog: invalid interval, default applied",
 			"interval", interval, "default", defaultInterval)
 		interval = defaultInterval
 	}
@@ -45,12 +45,12 @@ func (w *Watchdog) Run(ctx context.Context) {
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(w.interval)
 	defer ticker.Stop()
 
-	w.logger.Info("watchdog: démarrage", "interval", w.interval)
+	w.logger.Info("watchdog: starting", "interval", w.interval)
 
 	for {
 		select {
 		case <-ctx.Done():
-			w.logger.Info("watchdog: arrêt")
+			w.logger.Info("watchdog: stopping")
 			return
 		case <-ticker.C:
 			w.tick()
@@ -63,13 +63,13 @@ func (w *Watchdog) tick() {
 	defer closeUnits()
 
 	if err := CheckVPCs(w.db, w.notifier); err != nil {
-		w.logger.Error("watchdog: vérification des vpc", "err", err)
+		w.logger.Error("watchdog: vpc check failed", "err", err)
 	}
 	if err := CheckSubnets(w.db, u, w.notifier); err != nil {
-		w.logger.Error("watchdog: vérification des subnets", "err", err)
+		w.logger.Error("watchdog: subnet check failed", "err", err)
 	}
 	if err := CheckVMs(w.db, w.cfg, u, w.notifier); err != nil {
-		w.logger.Error("watchdog: vérification des vm", "err", err)
+		w.logger.Error("watchdog: vm check failed", "err", err)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -77,13 +77,13 @@ func (w *Watchdog) units() (unitChecker, func()) {
 	m, err := systemd.New()
 	if err != nil {
 		if !w.dbusDown {
-			w.logger.Warn("watchdog: connexion systemd impossible, vérification des units désactivée", "err", err)
+			w.logger.Warn("watchdog: systemd unreachable, unit checks disabled", "err", err)
 			w.dbusDown = true
 		}
 		return nil, func() {}
 	}
 	if w.dbusDown {
-		w.logger.Info("watchdog: connexion systemd rétablie")
+		w.logger.Info("watchdog: systemd connection restored")
 		w.dbusDown = false
 	}
 	return m, m.Close
diff --git a/internal/watchdog/watchdog_test.go b/internal/watchdog/watchdog_test.go
index c8cea47..019ddb5 100644
--- a/internal/watchdog/watchdog_test.go
+++ b/internal/watchdog/watchdog_test.go
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func TestNew_IntervalleInvalideUtiliseLeDefaut(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	if !strings.Contains(buf.String(), "intervalle invalide") {
+	if !strings.Contains(buf.String(), "invalid interval") {
 		t.Error("un intervalle invalide devrait être signalé dans les logs")
 	}
 }
@@ -143,11 +143,11 @@ func TestRun_ErreurDeBaseLogueeEtBoucleContinue(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, line := range logLines(t, buf) {
 		msg, _ := line["msg"].(string)
 		switch {
-		case strings.Contains(msg, "vérification des vpc"):
+		case strings.Contains(msg, "vpc check failed"):
 			vpc = true
-		case strings.Contains(msg, "vérification des subnets"):
+		case strings.Contains(msg, "subnet check failed"):
 			subnet = true
-		case strings.Contains(msg, "vérification des vm"):
+		case strings.Contains(msg, "vm check failed"):
 			vm = true
 		}
 	}
@@ -168,10 +168,10 @@ func TestRun_LogueDemarrageEtArret(t *testing.T) {
 	w.Run(ctx)
 
 	out := buf.String()
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "watchdog: démarrage") {
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "watchdog: starting") {
 		t.Error("le démarrage devrait être logué")
 	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "watchdog: arrêt") {
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "watchdog: stopping") {
 		t.Error("l'arrêt devrait être logué")
 	}
 }
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ func TestUnits_ConnexionSystemdIndisponibleSignaleeUneSeuleFois(t *testing.T) {
 
 	var warnings int
 	for _, line := range logLines(t, buf) {
-		if msg, _ := line["msg"].(string); strings.Contains(msg, "connexion systemd impossible") {
+		if msg, _ := line["msg"].(string); strings.Contains(msg, "systemd unreachable") {
 			warnings++
 		}
 	}